Prilocaine and procaine - Prilocaine has low toxicity similar to lidocaine but is not as commonly used. Procaine is now also seldom used; it is as potent as lidocaine but with shorter duration of action.
Lidocaine (under the brand name Xylocaine) and Marcain are also manufactured with added epinephrine (adrenaline) (which causes vasoconstriction when used for skin anaesthesia, and so prolongs the local anaesthetic effect). Do not inject these drugs into joints or soft-tissue lesions. Xylocaine is clearly marked in red that it has epinephrine added. Recommended maximum doses are given in Table 2. In practice, however, we suggest that much lower maximum doses are used
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