Goal: The prescribed medication is given to the patient safely via the intravenous route.
1. Gather equipment. Check medication order against the original order in the medical record, according to facility policy. Clarify any inconsistencies. Check the patient’s chart for allergies. Verify the compatibility of the medication and IV fluid. Check a drug resource to clarify whether the medication needs to be diluted before administration. Check the infusion rate.
2. Know the actions, special nursing considerations, safe dose ranges, purpose of administration, and adverse effects of the medications to be administered. Consider the appropriateness of the medication for this patient.
3. Perform hand hygiene.
4. Move the medication cart to the outside of the patient’s room or prepare for administration in the medication area.
5. Unlock the medication cart or drawer. Enter pass code and scan employee identification, if required.
6. Prepare medication for one patient at a time.
7. Read the CMAR/MAR and select the proper medication from the patient’s medication drawer or unit stock.
8. Compare the label with the CMAR/MAR. Check expiration dates and perform calculations, if necessary. Scan the bar code on the package, if required.
9. If necessary, withdraw medication from an ampule or vial as described in Skills 5-3 and 5-4.
10. Recheck the label with the MAR before taking it to the patient.
11. Lock the medication cart before leaving it.
12. Transport medications and equipment to the patient’s bedside carefully, and keep the medications in sight at all times.
13. Ensure that the patient receives the medications at the correct time.
14. Perform hand hygiene and put on PPE, if indicated.
15. Identify the patient. Usually, the patient should be identified using two methods. Compare information with the CMAR/MAR.
a. Check the name and identification number on the patient’s identification band.
b. Ask the patient to state his or her name and birth date, based on facility policy.
c. If the patient cannot identify him- or herself, verify the patient’s identification with a staff member who knows the patient for the second source.
16. Close the door to the room or pull the bedside curtain.
17. Complete necessary assessments before administering medications. Check the patient’s allergy bracelet or ask the patient about allergies. Explain the purpose and action of the medication to the patient.
18. Scan the patient’s bar code on the identification band, if required.
19. Assess IV site for presence of inflammation or infiltration.
20. If IV infusion is being administered via an infusion pump, pause the pump.
21. Put on clean gloves.
22. Select injection port on tubing that is closest to venipuncture site. Clean port with antimicrobial swab.
23. Uncap syringe. Steady port with your nondominant hand while inserting syringe into center of port.
24. Move your nondominant hand to the section of IV tubing just above the injection port. Fold the tubing between your fingers.
25. Pull back slightly on plunger just until blood appears in tubing.
26. Inject the medication at the recommended rate.
27. Release the tubing. Remove the syringe. Do not recap the used needle, if used. Engage the safety shield or needle guard, if present. Release the tubing and allow the IV fluid to flow. Discard the needle and syringe in the appropriate receptacle.
28. Check IV fluid infusion rate. Restart infusion pump, if appropriate.
29. Remove gloves and additional PPE, if used. Perform hand hygiene.
30. Document the administration of the medication immediately after administration.
31. Evaluate the patient’s response to medication within appropriate time frame.
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